update uebungen
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@@ -29,25 +29,25 @@
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\begin{align*}
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\int_{-1}^{1} P_n(x) P_m(x) \d x
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&= \frac{1}{2^{n} 2^{m} n! m!}
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\int_{-1}^{1} \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\d x^{n}}(x^2-1)^{n}
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\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\d x^{m}}(x^2-1)^{m} \d x
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\int_{-1}^{1} \frac{\mathrm{d}^{n}}{\d x^{n}}(x^2-1)^{n}
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\frac{\mathrm{d}^{m}}{\d x^{m}}(x^2-1)^{m} \d x
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.\end{align*}
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Zu zeigen:
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\[
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\int_{-1}^{1} \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\d x^{n}}(x^2-1)^{n}
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\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\d x^{m}}(x^2-1)^{m} \d x = 0
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\int_{-1}^{1} \frac{\mathrm{d}^{n}}{\d x^{n}}(x^2-1)^{n}
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\frac{\mathrm{d}^{m}}{\d x^{m}}(x^2-1)^{m} \d x = 0
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.\] Mit $(*)$ und $k = m+1 \le n$ folgt
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\begin{align*}
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\int_{-1}^{1} \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\d x^{n}}(x^2-1)^{n}
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\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\d x^{m}}(x^2-1)^{m} \d x
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\int_{-1}^{1} \frac{\mathrm{d}^{n}}{\d x^{n}}(x^2-1)^{n}
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\frac{\mathrm{d}^{m}}{\d x^{m}}(x^2-1)^{m} \d x
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&= (-1)^{m+1} \int_{-1}^{1} \frac{\mathrm{d}^{n-m-1}}{\d x^{n-m-1}}
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(x^2-1)^{n} \frac{\mathrm{d}^{2m+1}}{\d x^{2m+1}}(x^2-1)^{m}\d x
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.\end{align*}
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Wegen $\text{deg } (x^2-1)^{m} = 2^{m}$ folgt
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Wegen $\text{deg } (x^2-1)^{m} = 2m$ folgt
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$\frac{\mathrm{d}^{2m+1}}{\d x^{2m+1}}(x^2-1)^{m} = 0$. Damit folgt
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\begin{align*}
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\int_{-1}^{1} \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\d x^{n}}(x^2-1)^{n}
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\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\d x^{m}}(x^2-1)^{m} \d x
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\int_{-1}^{1} \frac{\mathrm{d}^{n}}{\d x^{n}}(x^2-1)^{n}
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\frac{\mathrm{d}^{m}}{\d x^{m}}(x^2-1)^{m} \d x
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&= 0
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.\end{align*}
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\end{proof}
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@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
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\end{proof}
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\item $\Z / 4 \Z$ ist wegen $\overline{2} \cdot \overline{2} = \overline{4} = \overline{0}$ und
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$\overline{2} \neq 0$ nicht nullteilerfrei. Hier ist
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$\overline{1} + \overline{2}t \in (\Z / 4 \Z)^{\times }$, wegen
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$\overline{1} + \overline{2}t \in ((\Z / 4 \Z)[t])^{\times }$, wegen
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\[
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(\overline{1} + \overline{2}t) (\overline{1} + \overline{2}t)
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= \overline{1} + \underbrace{\overline{4}t + \overline{4}t^2}_{= 0}
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@@ -107,11 +107,10 @@
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\intertext{Zusammen folgt}
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&\Delta t = \int_{x_0}^{x_E} \frac{\sqrt{1 + f'(x)^2}}{\sqrt{\frac{2}{m} (E - V(\vec{x}))}} \d x
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.\end{align*}
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\item Mit $V(z) = mgz$, $E = 0$, $x_0 = 0$, $x_E = 1$ und $f(x) = x$ folgt
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\item Mit $V(z) = mgz$, $E = \frac{m}{2} v_0^2$, $x_0 = 0$, $x_E = 1$ und $f(x) = x$ folgt
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\[
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\Delta t = \int_{0}^{1} \frac{\sqrt{2} }{\sqrt{\frac{2}{m} mgx} } \d x
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= \int_{0}^{1} \frac{\sqrt{2} }{\sqrt{2 g x} } \d x = \frac{2}{\sqrt{g} } \sqrt{x}
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\Big|_{0}^{1} = \frac{2}{\sqrt{g} }
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\Delta t = \int_{0}^{1} \frac{\sqrt{2} }{\sqrt{\frac{2}{m} (\frac{m}{2}v_0^2 + mgx)} } \d x
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= \int_{0}^{1} \frac{\sqrt{2} }{\sqrt{v_0^2 + 2 g x} } \d x = 2 \cdot \frac{1}{2g} \cdot \sqrt{2} \sqrt{v_0^2 + 2gx} \Big|_{0}^{1} \d x
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.\]
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\end{enumerate}
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\end{aufgabe}
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