| @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ | |||||
| \title{Wtheo 0: Übungsblatt 9} | \title{Wtheo 0: Übungsblatt 9} | ||||
| \author{Josua Kugler, Christian Merten} | \author{Josua Kugler, Christian Merten} | ||||
| \newcommand{\E}{\mathbb{E}} | \newcommand{\E}{\mathbb{E}} | ||||
| \renewcommand{\P}{\mathbb{P}} | |||||
| \usepackage[]{mathrsfs} | \usepackage[]{mathrsfs} | ||||
| \newcommand{\cov}{\mathbb{C}\text{ov}} | \newcommand{\cov}{\mathbb{C}\text{ov}} | ||||
| \newcommand{\var}{\mathbb{V}\text{ar}} | \newcommand{\var}{\mathbb{V}\text{ar}} | ||||
| @@ -81,7 +82,66 @@ | |||||
| \end{enumerate} | \end{enumerate} | ||||
| \end{aufgabe} | \end{aufgabe} | ||||
| \stepcounter{aufgabe} | |||||
| \begin{aufgabe} | |||||
| \begin{enumerate}[(a)] | |||||
| \item Es gilt | |||||
| \begin{salign*} | |||||
| \mathbb{F}^{Z_p}(x) &= \P^{Z_p}((-\infty, x])\\ | |||||
| &= \P^{(-1)^{V_p}\cdot Y}((-\infty, x] \cap \{V_p = 0\}) + \P^{(-1)^{V_p}\cdot Y}((-\infty, x] \cap \{V_p = 1\})\\ | |||||
| &= \P^Y((-\infty, x] \cap \{V_p = 0\}) + \P^{-Y}((-\infty, x] \cap \{V_p = 1\})\\ | |||||
| &\stackrel{Y \indep V_p}{=} \P(\{Y \leq x\}) \cdot \P(\{V_p = 0\}) + \P(\{-Y \leq x\}) \cdot \P(\{V_p = 1\})\\ | |||||
| &\stackrel{\text{Symmetrie } N_{(0,1)}}{=} \P(\{Y \leq x\}) \cdot \P(\{V_p = 0\}) + \P(\{Y \leq x\}) \cdot \P(\{V_p = 1\})\\ | |||||
| &= \P(\{Y \leq x\}) \cdot \P(\{V_p = 0\}\cup \{V_p = 1\})\\ | |||||
| &= \P(\{Y \leq x\})\\ | |||||
| &= \mathbb{F}^{Y}(x)\\ | |||||
| \end{salign*} | |||||
| Daher gilt $Z_p \sim Y \sim N_{(0,1)}$. | |||||
| \item Es gilt | |||||
| \begin{salign*} | |||||
| \P(\{Y < -1, Z_p < -1\}) &= \P(\{Y < -1\} \cap \{V_p = 0\}) | |||||
| &\stackrel{Y \indep V_p}{=} \P(\{Y < -1\}) \cdot \P(\{V_p = 0\})\\ | |||||
| &= (1-p) \cdot \P(\{Y < -1\}) | |||||
| \end{salign*} und völlig analog | |||||
| \begin{salign*} | |||||
| \P(\{Y < -1, Z_p > 1\}) &= \P(\{Y < -1\} \cap \{V_p = 1\}) | |||||
| &\stackrel{Y \indep V_p}{=} \P(\{Y < -1\}) \cdot \P(\{V_p = 1\})\\ | |||||
| &= p \cdot \P(\{Y < -1\}) | |||||
| \end{salign*} | |||||
| Angenommen, $Y \indep Z_p$. Dann gilt | |||||
| \begin{salign*} | |||||
| \P(\{Y < -1, Z_p < -1\}) &= \P(\{Y< -1\})\P(\{Z_p < -1\})\\ | |||||
| (1-p) \cdot \P(\{Y < -1\}) &\stackrel{\text{(a)}}{=} \P(\{Y < -1\})^2\\ | |||||
| (1-p) &= \P(\{Y < -1\}) | |||||
| \end{salign*} und völlig analog | |||||
| \begin{salign*} | |||||
| \P(\{Y < -1, Z_p > 1\}) &= \P(\{Y< -1\})\P(\{Z_p > 1\})\\ | |||||
| p \cdot \P(\{Y < -1\}) &\stackrel{\text{(a), Symmetrie } N_{(0,1)}}{=} \P(\{Y < -1\})^2\\ | |||||
| p &= \P(\{Y < -1\}) | |||||
| \end{salign*} | |||||
| Nun führen wir eine Fallunterscheidung durch. | |||||
| Für $p = \frac{1}{2}$ folgt $\P(\{Y < -1\}) < \P(\{Y < 0\}) \leq \frac{1}{2}$, Widerspruch zu $p = \P(\{Y < -1\})$. | |||||
| Für $p \neq \frac{1}{2}$ erhalten wir aus $p = \P(\{Y < -1\}) = (1-p)$ ebenfalls einen Widerspruch. | |||||
| Daher ist $Y \not \indep Z_p$. | |||||
| \item Es gilt | |||||
| \begin{salign*} | |||||
| \E(YZ_p) &= \int_\R \int_\R yz \mathbbm{f}^{Y, Z_p}(y, z) \d{y}\d{z}\\ | |||||
| &\stackrel{Z_p = (-1)^{V_p}Y}{=} \int_{0,1} \int_\R y^2 (-1)^v \mathbbm{f}^{Y, V_p}(y, v) \d{y}\d{v}\\ | |||||
| &\stackrel{Y \indep V_p}{=} (1-p) \cdot \int_\R y^2 \mathbbm{f}^Y(y) \d{y} + p\cdot \int_\R -y^2 \mathbbm{f}^Y(y) \d{y}\\ | |||||
| &= (1 - 2p) \int_\R y^2 \mathbbm{f}^Y(y) \d{y} | |||||
| \end{salign*} | |||||
| Außerdem gilt | |||||
| \begin{salign*} | |||||
| \E(y)\E(Z_p) &= \int_\R y\mathbbm{f}^Y(y) \d{y} \int_\R z\mathbbm{f}^{Z_p}(z) \d{z}\\ | |||||
| &\stackrel{Z_p = (-1)^{V_p}Y}{=} \int_\R y\mathbbm{f}^Y(y) \d{y} \cdot \int_{0,1} \int_\R y (-1)^v \mathbbm{f}^{Y, V_p}(y, v) \d{y}\d{v}\\ | |||||
| &\stackrel{Y \indep V_p}{=} (1-p) \cdot \left(\int_\R y \mathbbm{f}^Y(y) \d{y}\right)^2 - p\cdot \left(\int_\R y^2 \mathbbm{f}^Y(y) \d{y}\right)^2\\ | |||||
| &= (1 - 2p) \left(\int_\R y \mathbbm{f}^Y(y) \d{y}\right)^2 | |||||
| \end{salign*} | |||||
| Für $p = 0$ erhalten wir daher | |||||
| \begin{align*} | |||||
| \cov(Y, Z_p) = \E(YZ_p) - \E(Y)\E(Z_p) = 0 - 0 = 0. | |||||
| \end{align*} | |||||
| \end{enumerate} | |||||
| \end{aufgabe} | |||||
| \begin{aufgabe} | \begin{aufgabe} | ||||
| \begin{enumerate}[(a)] | \begin{enumerate}[(a)] | ||||